Eigo@CUC: 01

Some employers hire children because they can pay them less money. They also offer poor working conditions because children are less likely to complain.

Source: Free the children

ケンブリッジ実用英単語 - Basic Vocabulary in Use

単語の学習法(3パタン、Unit 2)つき。
絵で表すと分かりやすい単語はイラストで紹介。
語法がポイントになる単語をグループにして紹介。
最小限の説明とシンプルな例文。

コンパクトだが、しっかり基礎がつくれる良本。（CDつきならもっとよかった。）

英語版（原本）：

Jan 13, 2008

Longman 英英辞典

Longman の辞書で、私のお気に入りは Language Activator。
英和にしか慣れていない人は、最初ちょっととまどうかもしれないが、
慣れると面白い。読むのがとまらなくなるかもしれない辞書。
英語で表現したいとき、どの単語がしっくりくるかのか知りたいときにはコレ。

今は、電子辞書でも利用できる。

日本人の英語

大学生のときの「目からウロコ」体験を今も思い出す。
特に冠詞の説明の分かりやすさは衝撃的だった。
後半はスタイルもカバーしており、英語のレポートに初挑戦の人にもお薦め。

受動態　Passive

受動態 (解説◆Chick Tack 英語5文型)
受動態 (解説◆英文法大全)
受動態 (解説◆英語喫茶)

完了形 Perfect

現在完了形 (◆Chick Tack 英語の5文型)
現在完了形 (◆英語喫茶)
完了時制 (◆英文法大全)

混合問題

Online Exercises
[1], [2], [3], [4], [5 Q&A]

動詞 Verbs

Online Exercises

活用：不規則動詞85個 (1)　
活用：不規則動詞85個 (2)
一致（主語とis/are）
いろいろな形（基本）
不定詞 vs. 動名詞
いろいろな形（過去形、現在完了形、過去完了形、動名詞、不定詞、現在分詞）
いろいろな形（現在形、過去形、未来形、現在完了形、過去完了形、過去進行形、動名詞、不定詞）
いろいろな形（現在形、過去形、未来形、現在完了形、過去完了形、動名詞、不定詞、現在分詞、過去分詞）

法助動詞　Modal Verbs

【基本の基本】

1. 働き：動詞の意味の幅を広げる「～しなきゃ」「～かも」など。
2. 語順：主語＋助動詞＋動詞の原形
3. 形1：主語が何でも変化しない
4. 形2：２つ重ねて使ってはいけない

【種類】

中学レベル：
will, can, must, may, could, would, need not, should, shall

【言い換え・代用表現】
..............

【詳しい説明】
英文法大全 07助動詞

【オンライン・エクササイズ】
練習1 (基本)
練習2　(基本)
練習問題集：Modal Verb Tutorial （解説ページあり）

should vs. had better

とことんわかりやすく解説した中学3年分の英語

◆目次◆

ちょっと分厚い。でも、
「関係代名詞か～。ややこしかったよなぁ」
などと思ったとき、きっと助けになるはず。
シンプルな例文と、ていねいな（でもくどくない）解説がよい。

★「英語は苦手～～～」と思っている人に。

Jan 10, 2008

Design Templates

Templates
(Microsoft Office Online)

!!! The Office Online ActiveX control is needed to automatically download and open Office Online templates on your computer. The ActiveX control is also needed to verify whether you are running genuine Microsoft Office software.

Jan 9, 2008

9ページ

3. He introduced a dramatic story to Manga, and built up the origin of modern Manga.
Although he has been dead for almost 20 years, even now people respect him “God of Manga”.

4. In the year 1961, he established “Tezuka animation production” and he produced "Tetsuwan Atomu" that was the first serial animation program in Japan for television.

画像のURLhttp://www.ld-dvd.co.jp/special/images/ATOMU.jpg

source:漫画、漫画、漫画の歴史、少女漫画、手塚治虫

8ページ

2. “Shintakarajima”
★made it public in the year 1947
★19 years old at that time
★had a circulation of 400,000
★drew Story manga more than 100 pages long
Manga from 4 pages to 6 pages long was inserted in monthly Shounen magazine then.

7ページ

Osamu Tezuka

画像のURLhttp://homepage1.nifty.com/okonomigaki/200304/img/P10a.jpg

1. He established Story manga.
Story manga is Manga that runs to more than a few pages against one frame manga and four frames manga.

画像のURLhttp://journal.mycom.co.jp/news/2000/12/11/11.html

6ページ

5. Shoujo manga become a trend that streamlines past ornamental representaition in the 1980’s.
★draw the simple background
★don't insert catch-light into character’s eyes

画像のURLhttp://mangacapsule.jp/pc/lineupB2-4.html

5ページ

4. Ornamental representation unique to Shoujo manga developed from the late 1950’s to the 1960’s
　★draw flowers in the back of character
　★insert catch-light into character’s eyes
　★That representation was given an influence on Takarazuka revue and Shoujoga drawn by Makoto Takahashi and　others.

画像のURLhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/9a/Garakame_11_024_4-592-88011-0.png

Jan 8, 2008

4ページ

Shoujo Manga

1. Pretty and beautiful picture is large.

画像のURL http://www.s-book.com/plsql/com2_detail?isbn=9784592187943

2. Shoujo manga is avoided drawing the background naturally, and is made a point of the character’s feelins.

画像のURL http://www.ebookbank.jp/galge/ep/item/1-43476/

3. Works that deal with love are the main current.Love comedy, Gakuen manga, etc enjoy long-standing popularity up to now.

3ページ

3. "The Japan Punch" of a Manga magazine was issued by Charles Wirgman at Yokohama-kyoryuchi in the year 1862.

画像のURLhttp://www.yushodo.co.jp/press/punch/index.html

4. The first serial Manga in Japan is a work drawn by Beisaku Taguchi.
It was inserted in “Marumaruchinbun” that typifies the Meiji period.

画像のURLhttp://www.ndl.go.jp/modern/L/S005/S005-001l.jpg

5. A lending library disseminated after war, because books and magazines were expensive.

Manga

1ページ

Manga books of 10,965 were published and Manga magazines of 305 issued in Japan in the year 2006.
The sold number of them amounts to 36.7% of the total published matter that was sold in the year 2006.Japanese Manga is widely watched to all over the world. It’s also translated and is published in many countries in the world.

2ページ

History 0f Manga
1. The oldest Manga in Japan is “Chojujinbutsugiga” that is a picture scroll of the Heian period.

画像のURLhttp://www.suntory.co.jp/sma/exhibition/07vol04chouju/

2. Ukiyoe appeared in the 19th century.
"Hokusai manga” of Hokusai Katsushika is particularly famous.

画像のURLhttp://www.hum.pref.yamaguchi.jp/ehon/E04/U0016007.jpg

奴隷が作るチョコレート～チョコレートを知らない子供たち

奴隷が作るチョコレート～チョコレートを知らない子供たち

Trafficking of childrenn in West Africa

Child Labor - statistics

Age 5-17 2004 NO. (million)

Children Not Working, Children Working Legally, Children in Not Hazardous Work, Children in Hazardous Work
1248.9, 99.7, 91.4, 126.3

Age 5-14 2004 No. (million)

Children Not Working, Children Working legally, Children in Not Hazardous Work, Children in Hazardous Work
1015.8, 24.9, 91.4, 74.4

Source: Global Child Labor Trends 2000-2004 (ISBN 92-2-118718-7 Date 6/2006)

TIMEasia.com: Child Slavery

TIMEasia.com: Child Slavery (2006)

Child Slavery Still Exists | Peety Passion

Child Slavery Still Exists | Peety Passion

CBS News
BBC News

Effective abolition of child labour: Conventions Nos. 138 and 182 - International Labour Standards

Effective abolition of child labour: Conventions Nos. 138 and 182 - International Labour Standards
http://www-ilo-mirror.cornell.edu/public/english/standards/norm/whatare/
fundam/childpri.htm

No. 138 Minimum Age Convention, 1973

Minimum ages depending on the type of employment or work:
(1) the minimum age should not be
- less than the age for completing compulsory schooling
- not less than age 15
* For countries whose economic and educational facilities are insufficiently developed, the age can be set initially at 14.

(2) a higher minimum age should be set for hazardous work:
- not less than 18
* The types of employment or work deemed to be hazardous shall be determined by national laws or regulations or by the competent authority.

(3) in the case of light work, the minimum age can be set
- at 13 years
- at 12 years where the economy and educational facilities are insufficiently developed

Full Text of Convention No. 138

No. 182 Worst forms of child labour, 1992

all forms of slavery or practices similar to slavery, such as the sale and trafficking of children, debt bondage, serfdom and forced or compulsory labour;
forced or compulsory recruitment of children for use in armed conflict;
use of a child for prostitution, production of pornography or pornographic performances;
use, procuring or offering of a child for illicit activities, in particular for the production and trafficking of drugs; and,
work which is likely to harm the health, safety or morals of children.

Full Text of Convention No. 182

Seminar

冬休みの課題チェック　

ESL Lab にアップしたレポートを見ながら発表＆コメント

TOEIC 上級

今日はテスト準備。

Part 7 の読み方
Part 5 の解き方（復習）
実戦形式問題 (TOEIC / Tests )
「直前対策講座」の紹介と資料配布

Child Labor in Kenya

Child Labor in Kenya

- Kenya Plantation and Agricultural Workers Union (KPAWU)

bohlam « mereka seharusnya bermain, bukan bekerja

bohlam « mereka seharusnya bermain, bukan bekerja photo gallery

Globalization and Child Labor: The Cause Can Also be a Cure

Child Labor Banned in India

National Geographic News Photo Gallery: Child Labor Banned in India

A child carries unbaked bricks to a kiln at a brick factory in Raichak, India, in December 2000. Scenes like this remain a fact of life in India, despite a longtime ban on hard labor by children.

Welcome to the best place to find out about child labor

WHAT IS "CHILD LABOR"

Frequently Asked Questions
* What is child labor?
* What is a child?
* Who are child laborers and how many are there?
* Where do child laborers live?
* Is there child labor in the United States?
* What do child laborers do?
* Why should we care?
* How can ordinary people help reduce child labor?
* How was child labor reduced in today's developed countries?
* What are some of the myths or misunderstandings about child labor?
* What causes child labor today?
* What are some of the solutions to child labor today?

UNICEF - Child protection from violence, exploitation and abuse - Child labour

Child Labour

Legal working age - Wikipedia

Legal working age

Canada
12 to 17 (varies between provinces).

United States
Pennsylvania - 14

California - 14 - 16, depending on field of employment.

New Jersey - 12 - 18, depending on job [1].

New York - 14 with parental consent depending on the job, 16 depending on the job, or 18 depending on the job.

Washington - 12 for light agricultural work by hand. 14 for most other agricultural work. 16 for non-hazardous jobs. 18 for all jobs.

Florida - 14

North Carolina 16, depending on field of employment.

Australia
The minimum age is usually 14 years, 9 months, however some families and employers would rather wait until someone is 15 before they are allowed to work. (This varies slightly between states.)

NEW ZEALAND
15-16 in most jobs, younger if employer wants.16 full times jobs

UK
13 - Part time work WorkSmart from the TUC shows that the type of work is restricted to light agricultural or horticultural work or as allowed by by-laws. Thus, the true minimum age for general work is 14 years.
16 - Full time (if left school)
18 - Night Work

Norway
13 - Light work. Max 12 hours each week, 2 hours for a schoolday, 7 hours in weekends.
15 - Non-dangerous work, that doesn't conflict with school. No nightwork, no more than 40 hours work for a week.
18 - All work

Child Labor - Wikipedia

First, child labour tends to be concentrated in particularly dangerous industries. ... With respect to health hazards, work in transport, construction and mining appear to be the very worst forms of child labour. (pp. 10-11)

A second factor raising the health risks faced by child labourers relative to adults derives from the fact that children often work in informal, small scale and illegal settings which, by their very nature, are difficult to regulate (Fassa et al, 2000). ... protection promised by health and safety regulation. Even when this protection is available, it is likely to be much less effective for children since the measures are usually designed for adult, and not child, workers (ILO, 1998; Fassa et al, 2000). Hence, safety devices and clothing may not be usable by children and permissible exposure limits are usually established for adults and may not be appropriate for children. (p.11)

Given their physiological and psychological immaturity and the biological process of growth, children may be more vulnerable than adults to abuse and to given health risks. Children are more prone to injury through accidents and have been found
to be more sensitive to noise, heat, lead and silica toxicity, and ionising radiation
(Bequele and Myers, 1995; Forastieri, 1997; ILO, 1998; Fassa et al, 2000; and Woodhead, 2004). Working long hours also takes a greater physical toll on children.
Tired children may be at greater risk of contracting disease and have less strength to combat them. (p.11)

Long-run, direct effects:

While many of the health risks child labourers are exposed to threaten immediate damage to health, others are likely to develop over many years and might only become manifest in adulthood. Exposures to pesticides, chemicals, dusts and carcinogenic agents in agriculture, mining and quarrying and manufacturing increase the risks of developing bronchial complaints, cancers and a wide variety of diseases
(Forastieri, 1997; ILO, 1998; Fassa et al, 2000). In India, industries with large proportions of child labourers also tend to have high rates of TB and silicosis; stonecutters and slate workers, for example, have silicosis rates of 35 percent and 55 percent respectively (Parker, 1997). Cancer risks are raised significantly through exposure to asbestos in mining and construction and to aniline dyes in carpet and garment manufacturing (ILO, 1998). Ergonomic factors such as heavy lifting and poor posture raise the chances of musculoskeletal problems developing in later life
(Forastieri, 1997; ILO, 1998; Fassa et al, 2000).

Long-run, indirect effects:

An intuitively appealing proposition is that child labour is at the expense of education. If this is true, then, even in the absence of any direct effect of child work activity on health, there can be indirect effect through the sacrifice of education. A lower level of educational attainment might impact negatively on health through two mechanisms.

(1) Lower education --> Lower earnings
(2) Lower education --> Less informed of health production mechanisms

Child Labor Law (US)
Child Labor Laws (Minnesota Dept. of Labor and Industry)

Jan 4, 2008

偽ウォッカ事件

Mongolia
11 Dead, Dozens of Others Poisoned by Tainted Vodka - UB Post
Vodka banned as poison kills eleven in Mongolia

Russia
Дневник Сейтена:ブレーキフルード、ライターオイル
Tainted Vodka Kills Dozens as Russians Turn to Bootleg Liquor- New Law Pushes Up Alcohol Prices

Oprah's Cut with Barack Obama

Jan 1, 2008

2008 Spring Semester

【授業用サイト】

ESL Lab...こちら
ESL Lab (New: 移行中）...こちら
Computer Communication用...こちら

【担当科目：春学期】

GrammarI (b) ... 1年生 ◆シラバス
基礎演習I ... 1年生 ◆シラバス
英語科教育法I ... 2年生 ◆シラバス
Computer Communication ... 2年生以上 ◆シラバス
TOEIC中級 ... 2年生以上 ◆シラバス
演習III ... 4年生 ◆シラバス

Pages

Jan 26, 2008

Jan 21, 2008

Jan 20, 2008

Jan 18, 2008

Jan 17, 2008

Jan 16, 2008